Ibara ry'abana b'amaso W3672243

Ni irihe tandukaniro riri hagati y'ibirahuri by'abakuze n'abana

Optometrie y'abana ni kimwe mubikorwa by'ingenzi bya optometrie y'abana.Ugereranije na optometrie ikuze, optometrie yabana ifite ibyo ihuriyeho kandi byihariye.Ni ihuriro ry’amaso y’abana, optometrie y’abana n’amaso, hamwe nibisabwa byumwuga nubuhanga.Ntibisaba uyikoresha kutagira ubumenyi bwamaso gusa, ahubwo akanagira umusingi wamaso yubuvuzi bwabana hamwe na optometrie yabana, ariko kandi akaba umuhanga mubyerekeranye na optometrie.Gukemura ibibazo byabana byangiritse nubuhanga nubuhanzi.

Ikirahure ubwacyo ni "ibiyobyabwenge" optique, cyane cyane kubana barwaye strabismus na amblyopia.Igomba kuba yujuje byinshi bisabwa: gukosora amakosa yangiritse, kugarura amaso asanzwe (kuvura strabismus), kuvura amblyopiya, kwambara neza kandi biramba, imirimo idasanzwe (depression de optique) nibindi.Kubwibyo, guhuza ibirahuri byabana ntabwo bishoboye kubatari abanyamwuga.

Kubijyanye na optometrie yabana hamwe nibirahure, nibisabwa byibanze kugenzura ihinduka ryimiterere (cycloplegia optometry, bakunze kwita mydriatic optometry), kandi ntibigomba kuba byiza kandi binyuranye nihame, cyane cyane kubana bahitamo optometrie kuri ubwambere, abana bafite strabismus na strabismus.abana bareba kure.Ishami ry’ubuzima ry’igihugu ryasohoye igipimo gisaba abana bari munsi yimyaka 12 gukorerwa optometrie yagutse.Ukurikije uko umwana ameze, umuganga wakira ashobora guhitamo gukoresha amavuta ya atropine kugirango yongere umunyeshuri cyangwa tropicamide (yihuta) kugirango yongere umunyeshuri.Ihame, rigomba gukoreshwa kuri esotropiya, hyperopiya, amblyopia, hamwe nabana batarajya mumashuri, kandi mydriasis yihuse irashobora gutekerezwa mubindi bihe.

Nyuma yo kwagura optometrie no kumenya neza diopter yumwana, umuganga arashobora guhuza amakuru aturutse impande zose hanyuma agahitamo niba ahita yandika ibirahuri, cyangwa agategereza ko umunyeshuri asubira mubisanzwe hanyuma akongera gusuzuma mbere yo guhuza ibirahuri.Ku bana barwaye esotropiya na amblyopia, kugirango bavure abana ibirahuri vuba bishoboka, kandi bafashe abana kumenyera kwambara amadarubindi, bagomba kwandikirwa ako kanya nyuma yo kwagura optometrie hanyuma bakavurwa nibirahure vuba badategereje umunyeshuri. gukira.Kuri pseudomyopia, urugero rwa myopiya nyuma ya mydriasis akenshi ruba munsi kurwego rwa mydriasis.Mugihe gikwiranye nikirahure, urwego rwumunyeshuri muto ntirukwiye gukoreshwa nkigipimo, ariko urugero rwa mydriasis rugomba gukoreshwa nkibipimo ngenderwaho.Indorerwamo, irashobora kwirinda gukwirakwiza pseudo-myopia muri.

Ibirahuri by'abana bitandukanye nibirahuri bikuze mumikorere.Ibirahuri by'abana byibanda ku kuvura indwara z'amaso, naho ibirahure by'abantu byibanda ku kunoza icyerekezo.Kubwibyo, iyerekwa ryabana bamwe nyuma yo kwambara riba ribi kuruta mbere yo kwambara amadarubindi, ibyo ntibituma ababyeyi benshi badashobora kubyumva, ahubwo binatuma abanyamwuga benshi kabuhariwe muri optometrie nabo badashobora kubyumva.Ibi akenshi bitera ubwumvikane buke hagati y'ababyeyi n'abaganga.Ku bana barwaye myopiya, ibirahuri birashobora kunoza iyerekwa, bikuraho umunaniro, guhuza imitsi imbere no mumaso, kandi birinda myopiya gukomera.Ku bana barwaye hyperopiya, anisometropiya, strabismus, amblyopia, nibindi, ibirahuri rimwe na rimwe bikoreshwa mukuvura indwara zamaso, bikaba bisabwa kugirango ejo hazaza heza.

Ikindi kintu cyingenzi kiranga ibirahuri byabana nuko imbaraga za lens zigomba guhinduka nimbaraga zijisho.Kuberako abana bakiri munzira yo gukura no kwiteza imbere, cyane cyane abana batangira amashuri ningimbi.Amashuri abanziriza ishuri ni igihe gikomeye cyo gukura kwerekanwa, urugero rwa hyperopiya rugenda rugabanuka buhoro buhoro, kandi iterambere ryijisho ryegereye iryumuntu mukuru.Ubugimbi nubwonko bwa kabiri bwo gukura kwamaso, kandi myopiya igaragara cyane muriki cyiciro kandi igenda yiyongera, kandi igahagarara nyuma yubugimbi.Kubwibyo, abana benshi bakeneye optometrie yihuta buri mwaka, bamwe mubana bato bakeneye na optometrie yihuse mugihe cyigice cyumwaka, bagenzura iyerekwa ryabo buri mezi 3, bagasimbuza ibirahuri cyangwa lens mugihe ukurikije impinduka zurwego rwamaso.Kwambara imyaka mike.

Bitewe no gukomeza gukura kwa myopiya mubana, ubushakashatsi bwo kugenzura iterambere rya myopiya burigihe nubushakashatsi bwinganda.Nubwo nta muti ufatika uhari, ubwoko bubiri bwihuza, guhuza imiyoboro hamwe na RGP, birashobora gufatwa nko gutinda cyangwa no kurwanya myopiya y'abana.Nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kwiteza imbere, bwamenyekanye muri rusange ninganda.Hamwe no gukura buhoro buhoro no guteza imbere siyanse yibikoresho bya lens, gushushanya, tekinoroji yo gutunganya, imikorere ikwiye, hamwe na tekinoroji yo kwita kuri lens, umutekano wambara nayo uragenda urushaho kuba mwiza.