Ubumenyi bwibanze bwo gusoma ibirahuri ugomba kumenya

Ibirahuri byo gusoma ni ubwoko bwibirahure bya optique, bitanga ibirahuri bya myopiya bikunze gukoreshwa nabantu bafite presbyopiya, biri mumurongo wa convex.Ibirahuri byo gusoma bikoreshwa mukuzuza amaso yabantu bageze mu za bukuru n'abasaza.Kimwe n'ibirahuri bya myopiya, bifite indangagaciro nyinshi za elegitoroniki optique isabwa ninganda zigihugu, kandi ifite nuburyo budasanzwe bwo gukoresha.Kubwibyo, ibirahuri byo gusoma bigomba kuba bifite ibirahure.

Ubwa mbere, ibyiciro byibanze byo gusoma ibirahure

Kugeza ubu, hari ubwoko butatu bwingenzi bwibirahuri byo gusoma ku isoko, aribyo lens imwe yo kureba, lens bifocal lens na asimptotic multifocal lens.

Intumbero imwe yo kureba irashobora gukoreshwa gusa kubona hafi, kandi iyerekwa rigomba gusubizwa iyo urebye intera.Birakwiriye gusa kubantu bafite presbyopiya yoroshye na frequency nke yo gukoresha ibirahuri byo gusoma;

Bifocals bivuga ibirahuri byo gusoma hamwe na lens yo hejuru yindorerwamo yakoreshwaga kure cyane, hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyama lens yo kureba yakundaga kubona hafi, ariko ibirahuri nkibi byo gusoma bizaba bifite icyerekezo cyo kutabona no gutitira, kandi kwambara igihe kirekire bikunda cyane kubabara amaso, kuzunguruka. , nibindi, igishushanyo mbonera cyo murugo ntabwo gisa neza, kandi ntabwo gisanzwe ubu;lens ya asimptotic multifocal irashobora kuzuza ibisabwa byo kutabona neza intera itandukanye intera, hagati na hafi.Isura ni tekinoroji-yubuhanga kandi igezweho, kandi irakwiriye cyane kuri myopiya yo muri iki gihe irengeje imyaka 40. Ijisho wongeyeho presbyopiya, itsinda rya astigmatism kwambara.

Icya kabiri, gusaba ibintu byo gusoma ibirahure

Presbyopia ni ibintu bisanzwe byumubiri, ntabwo ari indwara yijisho, ntanubwo ari umusaza gusa.Nyuma yimyaka 40, hamwe no gukomera buhoro buhoro fibre ya chimique yama lens yijisho hamwe no kunanirwa gahoro gahoro kumubiri wa ciliary, ijisho ryumuntu ntirishobora guhindura neza uko bigaragara (guhinduka kwa radiyo).Ukurikije intera iri hagati yikintu, ugomba kwimuka kure iyo urebye ibintu byegeranye mbere yuko ubona neza.Imiterere y'amaso yombi muriki gihe yitwa presbyopia.

Niba presbyopia ishaka gukoresha iyerekwa ryamaso intera yambere isanzwe imenyerewe, birakenewe kwambara ibirahuri byo gusoma kugirango wuzuze iyerekwa ryamaso, kugirango iyerekwa ryegerejwe ryongere kugaragara neza.Amaso abiri.Urwego rwa myopiya muri presbyopia rujyanye n'imyaka.Hamwe no kwiyongera kwimyaka, kwangirika kwinzira zijisho biziyongera, kandi urugero rwa myopiya ruzagenda rwiyongera buhoro buhoro.

Presbyopia yamaze kubaho, kandi niba ushimangiye kutambara ibirahuri byo gusoma, umubiri wa ciliary uzaba unaniwe kandi ntushobora guhinduka, byanze bikunze byongera ingorane zo gusoma, bitera umutwe, umutwe, nizindi ndwara nyinshi, bizabangamira ubuzima bwa buri munsi kandi akazi.Kwiyubaha cyane.Kubwibyo, ibirahuri bya presbyopiya bigomba guhita bihuzwa bidatinze (Abashinwa bafite igitekerezo kitari cyo: batekereza ko kwambara ibirahuri byo gusoma ari "indwara" ikomeye, kandi ntibazi ko hariho ibirahuri byo gusoma. Iki ni igitekerezo kitari cyo).

Nyuma yo gusaza, ibirahuri byo gusoma byabanje kuba bifite myopiya idahagije bigomba guhita bisimburwa.Kubwibyo, gusoma ibirahuri ntibigomba kwambarwa igihe cyose.Kwambara igihe kirekire ibirahuri byo gusoma bifite urugero rudakwiye rwa myopiya ntabwo bizatera ibibazo byinshi mubuzima bwa buri munsi, ahubwo bizakomeza kwihutisha inzira ya presbyopiya ya binocular.

Mubihe bisanzwe, hariho ibintu bibiri byingenzi byerekana presbyopiya mugihe cyambere:

Iya mbere ni akazi ka hafi cyangwa gusoma bigoye.Kurugero, mugihe usoma, ugomba gufata igitabo kure, cyangwa ugomba gusoma mugace gafite urumuri rukomeye kugirango ubimenye.

Iya kabiri ni umunaniro w'amaso.Hamwe no kugabanya imbaraga zamacumbi, ibisabwa byo gusoma bigenda byegera buhoro buhoro imipaka yimbaraga zamacumbi, ni ukuvuga, mugihe usoma, mubyukuri imbaraga zose zamacumbi zamaso yombi zigomba gukoreshwa, kuburyo bidashoboka gukoresha amaso umwanya muremure, kandi biroroshye cyane gutera kubyimba amaso kubera guhinduka cyane., kubabara umutwe nibindi bimenyetso byerekana umunaniro.

Kuba ibintu bibiri byavuzwe haruguru byerekana ko amaso ashobora gusaza buhoro buhoro.Kubitsinda rya myopic, birakenewe gukuramo ibirahuri bya myopic cyangwa guhindura igitabo cyo gusoma kure mugihe usoma hafi, nacyo kikaba ari cyo kintu nyamukuru kigaragaza presbyopiya.Amaso yombi amaze kuba presbyopic, inzira yizewe nukwambara ibirahuri byo gusoma bikwiye.